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Keyhan

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Wednesday, May 31, 2017

Waiting on Death 

by Nick St.Oegger

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“I wish I was dead,” says 30-year-old Danyar Asefi, speaking through a translator, “living like this in constant pain is worse than death, I have nothing to live for.”
The pain that Danyar is referring to comes from the gunshot wound he sustained to his head last year in Syria. His face is disfigured, he has lost all sight in his right eye, and doctors have told him he may lose feeling in his entire right side altogether. Danyar feels constant itching in his head, he has trouble getting around alone due to his lack of depth perception, and he has lost control of his emotions, often snapping at people around him. “I need help, I need medical help!”
Danyar is one of the million plus refugees who have surged into Germany through the Balkans since last summer. Arriving in November, he has been living in a growing camp in Wittstock, about an hour and a half north of Berlin. Like many in this crowded, cold camp, he is awaiting a decision on his application for asylum. However, his story is a little different from the countless Syrians and Iraqis who have fled their hometowns as fighting rages on in the region. Danyar is a member of the Kurdish minority in Iran, where a brush with the regime during university, put him on a course to be swept up by the recent crises affecting the Middle East and Europe. The stakes in his asylum application are high, for a rejection would not simply mean a ticket back home to Iran, but could very well spell a death sentence.
While Germany initially carried out an open door policy regarding refugees arriving there, the government has since introduced legislation to speed up applications and subsequent deportations, as well as expanding the list of “safe” countries. Priority for asylum is being given to refugees fleeing the wars in Syria and Iraq while others, even from Afghanistan, are having their applications denied. Iran does not top the list of war torn countries, though with its high rate of execution (Amnesty International reported 694 between January and July 2015 alone) it is definitely not a safe country for ethnic, political and religious minorities living there. The fact that a potential asylum seeker could face persecution, even death, upon being sent back to Iran does not seem to be a guarantee of asylum in Germany. In a September 2015 article, NPR mentioned one man who faced the death sentence for converting to Christianity, whose application was subsequently denied even though the judge knew the facts of his situation. Danyar could soon face a similar position.
Danyar couldn’t have imagined how much his life would change in one decade. In 2004, he was a tanned, well-dressed engineering student at the University of Sanandaj in Kurdistan. Only a few months away from graduating, he was set to have a normal life going to work in his field. However, being Kurdish also meant Danyar was as passionate about equality for his people as he was for engineering. “I have always believed in justice and equality so I was very involved as a student activist.”
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Like many human rights activists in Iran, his affiliation would cost him dearly. One night on his way home from university he was picked up by plainclothes intelligence officers. They took him to the central prison in Sanandaj, where he was held in solitary confinement for almost a year, before being transferred into the general prison for an additional five months. During this time he attempted suicide on three occasions. Danyar’s family had to spend their entire savings and use their house as collateral to get him released on bail. Eight months later he appeared before a court, charged with crimes against the Islamic Republic, and was sentenced to a 12-years in jail, exile to another city and deprivation of certain civil rights. While serving his first year, his mother and other family members worked tirelessly until they were able to get his jail sentenced changed to parole.
The problems didn’t let up when Danyar returned home though, “The security forces did not stop coming to my house… I had to report to intelligence ministry office every day, and I had to show up and sign their daily booking every day to show I was in the city,” he said. After months of harassment, the pressure became too great and Danyar decided to take action, “I decided to leave the country; they left me with no other choice.”
Danyar left Iran illegally, traveling throughout Turkish and Iraqi Kurdistan for some time. When the Islamic State began taking major parts of Syria and slaughtering the Yezidi, he felt compelled to help his people. He made his way from Turkey to Iraq and then Syria, ending up in the besieged city of Kobani. Danyar hoped there might be an opportunity to use his background in engineering to eventually rebuild the city, but soon the reality of the situation set in, “little by little it became clear to me that there was no opportunity to work on the ground as an engineer so inevitably I joined the fight against ISIS.”
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Kurdish forces like the YPG and PKK have been instrumental in fending off or recapturing ground taken by Islamic State militants. The brutal fight for Kobani resulted in a strategic victory for the Kurds, but Danyar was not around to witness it. One evening another soldier had asked him to help two young female fighters who had become frightened and were pinned down in a shallow ditch near the front lines. Danyar helped one of them out, put her in a secure position and then went back for the second. He was almost to safety when he stopped, feeling a sudden warmth in his face, “I did not think I was injured, because right then I felt no pain,” he said, “I touched my face and my hand was completely bloody.”
His next recollection is waking up in a hospital in Turkey, to a surprised doctor who had come to pull the plug on his life support. Danyar had been in a coma for several months, during which time doctors had performed multiple surgeries, however he required more complex operations. Left wondering how to continue with his life, Danyar again considered suicide, before deciding to join some friends to head to Germany where he hoped he could receive better medical treatment and start a new future. They paid a smuggler $1600 each to get them to Greece, where they crossed the border to Macedonia and made their way up the Balkans avoiding border patrols or passing as Syrian Kurdish when necessary. By this point it was October 2015, and the cold weather combined with constant travel was taking its toll on Danyar, who was without any medication for his injuries.
His arrival in Germany has not exactly provided the relief he had been hoping for. Arriving in late fall, the camp has been getting crowded as fast as the temperatures have been dropping in the unheated tents. He said last month alone the numbers nearly doubled from 400 to over 700 people. In addition, the medical services he was expecting have been slow coming, due to his current ambiguous asylum status. While he was allowed several doctors visits and even had a surgery scheduled, it was suddenly canceled by social services. In the meantime, his friends have set up a crowd funding website in the hopes of raising enough to pay for his surgeries. So far donations stand at $0.
More worryingly, Danyar described an atmosphere of “de facto racial discrimination” in the camp. He says everything is clearly geared towards Arabs, from the food being cooked, to the language being spoken by staff and healthcare providers. “Everyone who doesn’t speak Arabic is screwed,” he said. Fights have apparently broken out along religious lines, a phenomenon which has been reported by German media as happening in camps throughout the country. Danyar says many ethnic Sunni Arabs will not interact with him, thinking that all Iranians practice Shi’a Islam, when in fact Danyar comes from a Sunni region. Even 3000 miles from Iran, the discrimination has not ceased for Danyar. For now, all he can do is wait for the status of his asylum to be decided. He would like to remain in Germany and even hopes to return to school for medicine. After his experiences fighting and seeing others injured in his journey, he hopes to one day be able to help others.
The choice, unfortunately, is not his to make. Thousands of refugees are arriving on European shores every day, with the German government reporting it could face a population of 3.6 million refugees by 2020. After widely reported sexual assaults by alleged migrants in Cologne over New Years, fighting in camps, and a rise in right wing nationalist groups, public opinion is starting to wane. The German parliament will soon vote on an even stricter set of regulations for asylum seekers, ever honing in on their preference for those from Syria. The odds are increasingly stacking up against Danyar, and he knows what a rejection means, “If I am deported to Iran they will
put me in front of the firing squad in less than a month.”
Depending on the decision of a German judge, he may get his original wish.
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You can contribute to a crowdfunding campaign to help Danyar pay for some of his medical costs in Germany here: https://fundrazr.com/campaigns/c15oZf
Photos provided by Danyar Asefi

posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 7:16 AM

Saturday, August 09, 2014

Richard Frye deserved a better memorial service in Los Angeles  



The news of Richard Frye's passing was saddening. Iranians and students of Iranian culture and history lost an eminent scholar who had dedicated his entire life to science of history and public education. His loss is all the more cruel for all his unfinished works, although the strength of his contributions provides an unshakeable basis for Iranian studies in many areas.

I decided to go to Richard Frye's memorial service in Los Angeles because I felt it was a small homage which I could pay to a great scholar. Before going to the service I heard from a dear friend that Homa Sarshar would not be attending the event despite the fact that her name appeared on the event's program. When I entered Tehrangeles' Westwood Public Library I realized that Prof. Nikkie Keddie, who was likewise listed on the program, was also missing from the room. Given that Professor Keddie is usually very punctual and shows up early to such events, I assumed this meant she too would not attend.

The program started late as such events usually do. They started playing the well known nationalist song called: "Ey Iran". Mr. Nikbakht who was the M.C. from the "Marzeh Porgohar" organization asked everyone to stand up. I decided to remain seated because of my internationalist views. A middle-aged man while holding his hand on his breast asked me to stand up. I protested by giving him the Nazi salute. But I quickly sat back down because I was there out of respect for Mr. Frye--although I did think about leaving once all the nationalist Iranian flags were marched into the room.

Nikbakht talked at length and then read a few messages from Iranian youths. Then Mr. Khalili spoke and enumerated the reasons for the opposition to Frye's burial in Iran. Subsequently, he knocked out those arguments one by one.

Afterward, a video message was shown from Richard Frye's brother. The brother's name was not mentioned as he was a nonentity through Mr. Nikbakht's eye and it probably sufficed to mention that he was "Frye's brother". (By the way his name was William Frye.)
Bill Frye mentioned some memories from their childhood and Frye's time in the U.S. army.

In the next session the only English-speaking person left the room and the rest of the program was carried out in the sweet Persian language. Nikbakht said: there was so much pressure on us to cancel the program, which caused some of the speakers not to attend the program.

Adib Boroumand's and Davood Hermidasbavand's short messages from Iran were then read.

Some time after that, Afshin Zand spoke about the fact that Frye was not a CIA agent. He also claimed that all Iranian religions believe in forgiveness and Richard should be forgiven if he had done anything wrong and be buried in Iran. Zand also read parts of a book which he had coauthored with Frye about Cyrus the Great. They also showed part of a movie which seemingly had been aired by IRIB before. It was part of a 90 minute movie by Mahnaz Mokri. 

Ali Akbar Jafari was the next speaker, and the one whom I could not bear to listen to. Mr. Jafari, who on his website claims to have more than 10 million Zoroastrian followers in Iran, mostly talked about Zoroastrianism and his views of that religion. Mentions of Frye were few and far between, and entirely superficial. As I got up to leave the room, people thought I was standing to applaud Jafari and I left in disgust. Richard Frye deserved better than this.

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posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 3:41 PM

Sunday, June 22, 2014

An Anti-state perspective on prevention of genocide in Iraq 

The threat of a civil-ethnic-religious war in Iraq is too imminent. Self-interest and national-chauvinism is the prime motive of the governments/terrorist groups involved in the conflict, which continues to edge toward civil war. At least four terrorist groups can be identified: first and foremost the government of the United States, then the Iraqi terrorist government, then ISIS and finally the Iranian government which the least terrorist of all of them.

These governments that are willing to engage in the conflict are going to do so with absolute disregard for human lives and the genocide which may emerge in Iraq once again. The same American government which provided WMD to Saddam Hussein to kill millions of Iraqi Kurds and Iranians and then twice invaded Iraq is now offering to help the Iraqi people and government.

Each time Obama mentions the phrase “Iraqi people” in the following speech one can replace that with words such as “OIL” and “CONTROL” and … to make sense of the speech. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/06/19/remarks-president-situation-iraq (Also notice that the Iraqi people are often mentioned in the same breath as “American interests,” as if the former is not worth considering on its own terms.)

The language and actions adopted by these players is an indication of their intentions. The Saudi government constantly talk about things such as “regional player” and “actors in the scenario”.

Americans who started the war have as much hostility for Shia’at as they do for the Sunnis. Saudis like to pretend ignorance to this fact.

Sheikh Yusef al-Qaradawi, chairman of the International Union of Muslim Scholars, has said that ISIS is a revolutionary force and has asked Iraqi people to help them liberate Iraq. (Ayatollah) Sistani has asked the Shia’ats to take up arms against ISIS. Unlike Sistani some other Shia’at clerics are using language which is reminiscent of historical sectarian feuds. Many elements in Tehran who called for an Iranian invasion of Iraq then are again calling for invasion.

The neocons in the U.S. regime and the ultra-right wing elements of the Iranian regime ideologically have a lot in common. They both have absolutely no regard for the cost of human lives in Iraq. Their absolute and staunch insistence on non-negotiation policy between Iran and the U.S. is an indication of their long-standing policies. Some ultra-right wing commanders of the Sepah (Revolutionary Guard) in Iran have made remarks to that effect in the past few days. The neocons’ long-standing policy of world domination by imperialist corporate capitalists also prevents them from engaging in rapprochement with Iran. And the “Revolutionary Guard” need a pseudo enemy to tell the Iranian people that the entire McFarlane Affair did not take place and they have always been the enemy of U.S. and the United States probably never sold any weapons to Iran during the 8-year-long Iran-Iraq war.
However, Iran’s Supreme Leader Khamenei himself has taken a different approach which is basically consistent with his views on the so-called “war on terror.” Khamenei as the dictator of Iran understands that he has to look into the IRI’s long-term interests. He understands that instability in the region will not serve the interests of the IRI. When Iraq invaded Kuwait, and even Syria at that time participated in the American coalition warfare to invade Iraq, Khamenei decided to declare neutrality in that war. Despite the fact that even at that time many had called Saddam the Khalid ibn al-Walid of our time and had called for a partnership. During the invasion of Iraq in 2003, Khamenei once again declared neutrality despite the fact that many wanted to join the Bush-Cheney crime family and the war.

ISIS and their regional and international supporters crave a full Iranian invasion of Iraq. The American involvement has always been accompanied with major cataclysmic catastrophes. Even in Bosnia where American troops had gone to stop the genocide, they ended up “accidentally” wiping out an entire village of Bosnians whom they had supposedly gone there to protect. Much like the US “surgical” drone strike which end up killing dozens of people who were not intended to be killed. (As if a doctor in the operating room using a surgical knife would end up killing a bunch of hospital visitors with his knife!) America has shown time and time again that they cannot be trusted even with humanitarian interventions in cases of genocide. If the Americans end up actually preventing a genocide; it’d be a miracle. (However since miracles are unreal and imaginary phenomena that is very unlikely to happen.)

With the exception of Saudi Arabia and their cronies, most of the involved elements are aware that stopping the conflict from spreading in the region would help them. If the Saudis and their cronies would look at the region with little bit of foresight and historical perspective, they would know that they are shooting themselves in the foot. Just like the Americans who funded and helped al-Qaida in Afghanistan in the 80s, the Saudi-funded ISIS will hunt them in the near future.

Then again, Iran has not invaded any other country in the past one hundred years and that is an important element in this equation. Regional and global ISIS supporters are aware of this fact, but hope for a full Iranian intervention. This might be the beginning of an endless Shia’at-Sunni conflict and Iran is the missing piece for both the Saudis and Americans.

If the Saudis and others would realize their long term interests, they’d withdraw all their direct and indirect support from ISIS. If they do not withdraw their support ISIS will become their enemies someday. In the midst of these you can see that none of these powers have any regard for the human beings who will be killed in Iraq. We the people are empowered to do something.

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posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 10:30 PM

Tuesday, May 06, 2014

Aristophanes' Clouds on voting 

There exist no gods to whom this city owes more than it does to us, whom alone you forget. Not a sacrifice, not a libation is there for those who protect you! Have you decreed some mad expedition? Well! we thunder or we fall down in rain. When you chose that enemy of heaven, the Paphlagonian tanner, for a general, we knitted our brow, we caused our wrath to break out; the lightning shot forth, the thunder pealed, the moon deserted her course and the sun at once veiled his beam threatening, no longer to give you light, if Cleon became general. Nevertheless you elected him; it is said, Athens never resolves upon some fatal step but the gods turn these errors into her greatest gain. Do you wish that his election should even now be a success for you? It is a very simple thing to do; condemn this rapacious gull named Cleon for bribery and extortion, fit a wooden collar tight round his neck, and your error will be rectified and the commonweal will at once regain its old prosperity.

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posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 2:05 AM

Thursday, March 14, 2013


What is Special Order 1?

Special Order 1 (SO1) is a Los Angeles Police Departments is an anti-terrorism preventative measure by Los Angeles chief of police which in essence legalizes spying on Los Angeles residents. Racial profiling, promoting racism and creating a culture of fear are at the heart of this program. SO1 invalidates the long standing guilty until proven innocent. 


posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 2:33 AM

Wednesday, July 18, 2012

Future of Occupy LA and Lessons from Art-Walk Action on July 12, 2012 



By. Pouyan Baneshat

Some members of the Occupy Los Angeles (OLA) decided to organize an action, called Chalk Walk, which was meant to protest a slew of arrests in June. People who had been arrested were chalking on the sidewalks and they were not engaged in any sort illegal activities. In the Occupy LA meeting beforehand, people said our goals were: to have fun, stay safe, speak out, stand up, reach out, make friends and chalk.


The police department had clearly a different agenda. The police, and not Occupiers, shut down the street, and angry members of the crowd, not Occupiers, were the ones to throw projectiles at police. LAPD thus started a riot! Most OLA people had actually left the streets, for another location, when the riot started.

Nevertheless, the actions had its positive and negative aspects for OLA. At least three old time occupiers and 14 members of the public were arrested. One person was charged with assault on an officer with a deadly weapon. Past experiences has taught us that the arrest of a small number people is often counterproductive for the activist. The arrestees get charged and convicted and sometimes they face jail time for bogus charges. More often, the activists get entangled with the tedious and usually corrupt legal system and result is rarely to our benefit. After all you cannot have a revolution with all the revolutionaries in jail.

The most positive reaction to chalk-walk was from the people who were on the ground. These included the art loving and outgoing Angelenos, some of the painters and gallery owners. Stereotypically, these are the people who generally have leftist and progressive political ideologies. They were very receptive to the ideas of the OWL and as soon as these people heard that LAPD had brought a few hundred cops to the streets for arresting people just for chalking on the sidewalks, they were outraged.

It would have been very useful, if Occupy people had more pamphlets to pass around. And bring awareness to the public about the Occupy General Assembly and other OLA actions. Unfortunately, most Occupy people did not have any pamphlets to pass around. By the way, this is another indication that the OLA was not there to protest or start a riot. 

The most negative aspect of the event was the lies perpetuated by by the mass media about the event. Many people know that the corporate media are a primary vehicle for promoting false news perpetuated by Politicians and organizations like LAPD. But the coverage of the events is nonetheless very important and television is the primary source of the corporate capitalist discrimination and propaganda. In this case both ABC channel 7 and KTLA channel 5, grotesquely lied to the people and MSNBC covered the event only for 26 seconds.

Channel 5 and 7 claimed that occupy had attacked police with bottles. They also claimed that OLA had started the riot. They claimed that LAPD had asked people  people to keep off the streets. However, they miserably failed to report the news or question the police about why, when, and how these demands were made? How was this massage communicated to Occupy Los Angeles. Was the mass media used to communicate this massage or did a couple of officers stopped by at the CCA to discuses this issue with OLA? Based on what evidence did they anticipate a riot in the streets? Why was the taxpayers money wasted by bringing a few hundred anti-riot police to the street to arrest people for chalking? Of course, these are the questions that should have been thoroughly examined before reporting the LAPD's lies on the air.

Although, the chalk-walk event was even covered by the faraway BBC Persian, the mass media in general as usual lied monumentally and misled the public.

In the aftermath of the chalk-walk, on Tuesday, July 17, members of OLA went to the police commission and asked to investigate the unnecessary force used to disperse people who were engaged in an innocuous act of chalking on the sidewalk. Here, I have to ask the OLA, whatever happened to not speaking with the police? Which bring a new set of questions into mind? Does OLA want to distress LAPD or do we, as a global movement, want to bring an end to corporate capitalism and the rule of the one percent of the society? I believe we should bring people’s attention to the real issues like class struggle and at once create class consciousness.

Chalk-walk was great but it is not our ultimate purpose to chalk the world. Let us do something new. Lets fundamentally change the society. In order to do that we need to think about how we want to achieve the revolution. And what kind of a society do we want to build?

Our feud is not with LAPD or LA City Hall, or the mendacious Los Angeles Mayor or even the corrupt CCA. We want to change and replace an entire corrupt system which is based on corruption, crony capitalism and imperialist intervention. Troubling LAPD or the city hall officials maybe and most certainly is a excellent tactic but it should be a short term strategy to reach a particular goal. LAPD has been targeting the OLA to identify and arrest as many people as possible, so they would have a full profile of everyone in the movement. Let us remember why and where the whole Occupy Wall-Street movement started. 

Chalk-walk was great and I loved being there. I really enjoyed it but at the same time I am aware of the fact that sidewalk chalking is not my ultimate purpose in life. We want a fundamental change and revolution of minds and class structure in the society. Let’s think about a great society structured upon humanity, justice and freedom. Let us think as never before.


posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 2:47 PM

Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Critique of Actor’s Gang Uncreative Recreation of George Orwell’s 1984 


It is impossible to found a civilization on fear and hatred and cruelty.
George Orwell


By Pouyan Baneshat

     George Orwell’s Trotskyites novel, 1984, unabashedly condemns the Stalinist Soviet Union; just one look at the Orwell’s letter shows his sympathies toward Trotskyism. (1) When Trotsky was exiled from the USSR, Orwell made the character of Snowball-Trotsky in Animal Farms chased off of the farm by Napoleon—Stalin. (2)
     1984, is a novel which was used against USSR for many decades. (3) It is also a condemnation of torture and repression in a totalitarian society. In this novel, Orwell describes how a totalitarian society in the year 1984 would look like. He invented the shadowy character of Emmanuel Goldstein who is supposed to be the founder of an anti-Big Brother i.e. Stalinist movement.

     Winston Smith is the central character of the novel who is loyal to the system and writes for the propaganda machine. Sympathetic to Goldstein’s ideas he falls in love with sensual Julia and tries to redefine his life. But he is arrested and tortured by the government to fundamentally change his personality.

     A new adaptation of 1984 by Michael Gene Sullivan and directed by Tim Robbins is a failed attempt to reconstruct the novel into a contemporary play. The complex paradigms of the book are just too complex to be broken down into a two hours play.  From the opening act when the concepts of Eurasia and Eastasia are introduced to the last sense where all prison wardens cry on the stage the play is confused and contradictory.
     The concept of the ongoing war between Eurasia and Eastasia are noted in passing and anyone unfamiliar with the novel cannot grasp the essence and foundation of the play.
     The play has adopted the Brechtian Verfremdungseffekt method. The accessories on the stage do not define the situation because there are no notable accessories except for a ludovico chair at the second act. The clothing of the actors are simply a gray uniform similar to those of Mao’s communist china.
     The play attempts to link the contemporary U.S. history with the 1984 Orwellian world. Orwell imagined a totalitarian society free of religion and morals where Big-Brother defines every aspect of daily life but the play fails to hit this mark. For instance, in one scene, we see people mesmerized by Big-Brother; watching the newsreel of capturing Libya and defeating the so called terrorists.   The scene is supposed to indicate one of the most terrifying things about totalitarian society which is systematically destroying social memory, first, through the forced disintegration of individual experience and, second, through the complete obliteration of objective records. 
That simply is not the case in United States. History in U.S. means yesterday’s news and few Americans can remember beyond that. In U.S., we are not forbidden from seeking information.  We have an over-abundance of information, but most people do not seek the truth or are inclined to forget the truth. Many Americans may constantly be pumped with the lies of FOX news and corporate media but this is not to say that there is a lack of information.
The level of consciousness in the Orwellian world is fundamentally different from the U.S. capitalist and imperialist world where the essence of human consciousness, as we have come to grasp for it in class societies and hope for it in a classless society, is obliterated; man becomes a mere function of a process.
     In our capitalist society consciousness is created by the capitalist culture from watching Kung Fu Panda to everyday news-reports. Thus, there is a constant need of misinformation and disinformation but no need of book burnings.
     The dark world of Tim Robbins and Michael Gene Sullivan is unrepresentative of our society. These artists are simply unable to grasp the complexities of the capitalist society. They attempt to examine the root of totalitarian capitalism, but they fail because they merely present a paradigmatic version of its social life in a non-capitalist totalitarian society.
     Another fundamental discourse of the novel is sexual repression. Yet, the misrepresentation of the role of sexual behavior in a capitalist society is another impediment of this adaptation. In the novel Gordon Smith revolts against the societal roles which forbid love and only allows sex for recreation.  We know that in Soviet Union sex was not forbidden however, some noticeable restriction of sexual freedom existed. But we must distinguish between a Soviet attempt to develop more reliable child-bearing units among the masses and the capitalist tendency to immerse people with their sexuality in advertising and porn that exploits sexuality among all social layers.
In examination nudity and lovemaking in a capitalist society the play is more successful. We see the Wardens reenacting the sexual acts that happened between Julia and Gordon but once the reenactment becomes real; there is antagonism between the wardens and interrogators. The most fundamentalist interrogators are unable to face the fact that the reenactors are actually enjoying themselves by engaging in sexual act. Thus, the very act of reenactment of sexual behavior instantly becomes criminalized.
The wardens by engaging in sexual mischief begin to sympathize with Smith while the audience is very aware of the distance between reality and the brutality that is reenacted on the stage. 
The sex scenes despite the voluptuousness of the nude actress on the stage is completely mechanical. This is what the philosopher Slavoj Zizek would call sex without sex. What the author has tried to achieve throughout and failed is well manifested in the sex scenes. We have sexual tension on the stage but no feeling of arousal. And eventually we get to a point where the reenactors get punished instead of Smith. The truth is replaced with a fictionalized version of it. This is created by the capitalist system in its worst and best sense.  This is ultimately the only thing that can break Smith emotionally; to name and denounce her beloved Julia under torture.

Torture is central question of the play and the novel. As torture breaks hero and heroine destroying their relationship, the final suggestion is that Big Brother will triumph in the atomization of human beings. This inhuman process is certainly at work under modern capitalism when O’Brian proclaims “we have to hear it from you [smith] otherwise your confessions would be meaningless.” This is the level at which capitalist consciousness functions.
These are the better parts of the play where Sullivan has not changed Orwell’s original intent. But everything from the farfetched sympathetic wardens (interrogators) to their uniformed clothing is the very antithesis of a contemporary adaptation. The central characterization of several interrogator and the interdynamics of their relations is very inverted. Whatever the sentiment of the writer may have been, in reality it is false.
     This contemporary adaptation does not amplify the message of the classic novel, and makes the sublime themes of the original script harder to grasp. The play is at best a hopeless adventure and at worst, a fraudulent misrepresentation of the novel.
Hopelessly, at the end of the play they fail so miserably that they have to read parts of the Orwell’s 1984 appendix but even modifying that script did not portray today’s capitalist and imperialist society.


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The listening thingi could have been easily replaced with ipad or iphone which is a symbol of capitalist.

 In one scene Smith the central character asks how can we "fight for freedom abroad" when we are slaves at home? But the play fails to answer this question and more.

posted by Pouyan Irajzadeh  # 4:45 PM

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